FUNDAMENTALS OF CHEMISTRY SOLVED MCQs

Fundamentals of Chemistry Solved MCQs

1. What is the smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element?

a) Electron

b) Proton

c) Neutron

d) Atom

2. Particles of an element having same atomic number but different atomic mass are called:

a) Atoms

b) Isotopes

c) Ions

d) Positron

3. The nucleus of an atom contains:

a) Electrons

b) Protons and electrons

c) Protons and neutrons

d) Neutrons and electrons

4. The branch of Chemistry that deals with Hydro-Carbons is:

a) Industrial Chemistry

b) Physical Chemistry

c) Organic Chemistry

d) Inorganic Chemistry

5. The atomic number of an element is determined by the number of:

a) Electrons

b) Protons

c) Neutrons

d) Positrons

6. Which of the following particles is found outside the nucleus of an atom?

a) Neutron

b) Electron

c) Proton

d) Positron

7. Isotopes of an element always have the same number of:

a) Electrons

b) Protons

c) Neutrons

d) Positrons

8. What is the mass number of an atom?

a) The total number of electrons

b) The total number of protons

c) The total number of protons and neutrons

d) The total number of neutrons

9. Which force holds the protons and neutrons together in the nucleus of an atom?

a) Electromagnetic force

b) Gravitational force

c) Strong nuclear force

d) Weak nuclear force

10. A piece of matter in pure form is termed as

a) Substance

b) Radical

c) Compound

d) Mixture

11. The negative side of a discharge tube is called:

a) Anode

b) Cathode

c) Neutral

d) chargeless

12. Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture?

a) Compound

b) Element

c) Heterogeneous mixture

d) Homogeneous mixture

13. A substance made up of only one type of atom is called:

a) Molecule

b) Compound

c) Element

d) Mixture

14. Which type of matter has a fixed composition?

a) Element

b) Compound

c) Mixture

d) Isotope

15. A combination of two or more elements in fixed proportions is known as:

a) Atom

b) Molecule

c) Compound

d) Heterogeneous mixture

16. Which of the following represents a solution?

a) Saltwater

b) Sand and water

c) Oil and water

d) Iron and sulfur

17. Air is an example of a:

a) Compound

b) Element

c) Heterogeneous mixture

d) Homogeneous mixture

18. Which type of matter consists of two or more substances physically mixed together, but not chemically combined?

a) Element

b) Compound

c) Mixture

d) Isotope

19. What is a pure substance that consists of two or more elements chemically combined in fixed ratios?

a) Element

b) Compound

c) Mixture

d) Isotope

20. An example of a heterogeneous mixture is:

a) Saltwater

b) Sugar dissolved in tea

c) Sand and pebbles

d) Air

21. Which state of matter has a definite shape and volume?

a) Solid

b) Liquid

c) Gas

d) Plasma

22. In which state of matter do particles have the most freedom of movement?

a) Solid

b) Liquid

c) Gas

d) Plasma

23. What happens to the shape of a liquid when it is poured into a container?

a) It retains its shape

b) It takes the shape of the container

c) It expands

d) It turns into a gas

24. At what temperature do most substances change from a solid to a liquid?

a) Melting point

b) Boiling point

c) Freezing point

d) Sublimation point

25. Which state of matter is characterized by having particles with high kinetic energy and little intermolecular attraction?

a) Solid

b) Liquid

c) Gas

d) Plasma

26. Which state of matter has both a definite volume and the ability to flow?

a) Solid

b) Liquid

c) Gas

d) Plasma

27. At what temperature does a liquid change into a gas?

a) Melting point

b) Boiling point

c) Freezing point

d) Condensation point

28. In which state of matter do particles have the least energy and are tightly packed together?

a) Solid

b) Liquid

c) Gas

d) Plasma

29. Which state of matter is often found in stars, lightning, and human blood?

a) Solid

b) Liquid

c) Gas

d) Plasma

30. When a substance changes directly from a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid phase, it is called:

a) Condensation

b) Sublimation

c) Melting

d) Freezing

31. What is the gram formula mass of a compound?

a) The sum of the atomic masses of all the elements in the compound

b) The number of moles of the compound

c) The molecular weight of the compound

d) The number of grams of the compound

32. Which term refers to the mass of one mole of atoms or molecules of a substance?

a) Gram formula mass

b) Atomic mass

c) Formula mass

d) Molar mass

33. The atomic mass of an element is defined as:

a) The mass of one mole of atoms of that element

b) The mass of one atom of that element

c) The mass of one gram of the element

d) The mass of one mole of the element's ions

34. How is the formula mass of a compound calculated?

a) By adding the atomic masses of all the elements in the compound

b) By multiplying the atomic masses of all the elements in the compound

c) By finding the average atomic mass of the elements in the compound

d) By dividing the atomic mass by the number of atoms in the compound

35. Which of the following is equivalent to the molar mass of a compound?

a) Gram formula mass

b) Atomic mass

c) Formula mass

d) Molecular weight

36. The atomic mass unit (amu) is defined as:

a) The mass of one mole of atoms

b) The mass of one proton

c) One-twelfth the mass of a carbon-12 atom

d) The mass of one mole of electrons

37. What is the molar mass of water (H2O)?

a) 18.02 g/mol

b) 36.04 g/mol

c) 9.01 g/mol

d) 6.02 x 1023 g/mol

38. The formula mass of a compound is also referred to as:

a) Molecular weight

b) Atomic mass

c) Molar mass

d) Atomic weight

39. Which term is used to describe the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule of a compound?

a) Gram formula mass

b) Atomic mass

c) Formula mass

d) Molar mass

40. The molar mass of an element in grams is numerically equal to its:

a) Atomic mass

b) Atomic number

c) Number of moles

d) Number of isotopes

41. Which functional group is found in alcohols?

a) Carbonyl

b) Hydroxyl

c) Carboxyl

d) Amine

42. Ethyl alcohol was prepared by:

a) Ibne Sina

b) Jabir Ibne Hayan

c) Al-Razi

d) Al-Beruni

43. What is the chemical symbol for gold?

a) Go

b) Ag

c) Au

d) Gd

44. Which gas makes up the majority of Earth's atmosphere?

a) Oxygen

b) Nitrogen

c) Carbon dioxide

d) Hydrogen

45. Which law describes the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature?

a) Boyle's Law

b) Charles's Law

c) Avogadro's Law

d) Gay-Lussac's Law

46. What is the unit of energy in the International System of Units (SI)?

a) Calorie

b) Joule

c) Kelvin

d) Mole

47. Which technique is used to separate and analyze the components of a mixture based on their differing solubilities in two immiscible phases?

a) Chromatography

b) Spectroscopy

c) Gravimetry

d) Titration

48. What instrument is commonly used to measure the pH of a solution?

a) Spectrophotometer

b) Calorimeter

c) pH meter

d) Microscope

49. The molar mass of the H2SO4 is:

a) 9.8 a.m.n

b) 98 a.m.u

c) 9.8 gm

d) 98 gm

50. What will the mass of the 4 moles of Carbon-Dioxide (CO2)?

a) 44 gm

b) 88 gm

c) 122 gm

d) 176 gm

51. Who is credited with the discovery of the electron?

a) Ernest Rutherford

b) J.J. Thomson

c) Niels Bohr

d) Albert Einstein

52. What is the charge of a proton?

a) Positive

b) Negative

c) Neutral

d) It varies

53. Who discovered the nucleus of an atom?

a) Ernest Rutherford

b) Bohr

c) Schrodinger

d) Dalton

54. Which subatomic particle is located in the nucleus of an atom of Hydrogen?

a) Electron

b) Proton

c) Neutron

d) Positron

55. What is the charge of an electron?

a) Positive

b) Negative

c) Neutral

d) It varies

56. How many sub-shells do Hydrogen and Helium have?

a) Four

b) Three

c) Two

d) One

57. Which gas makes up the majority of Earth's atmosphere?

a) Oxygen

b) Carbon dioxide

c) Nitrogen

d) Hydrogen

58. Who is credited with the discovery of Proton?

a) Goldstein

b) Marie Curie

c) J.J Thomson

d) Michael Faraday

59. Who had discovered Neutron in 1932?

a) Rutherford

b) Bohr

c) Chadwick

d) Goldstein

60. What is the most abundant element in the universe?

a) Hydrogen

b) Oxygen

c) Carbon

d) Helium

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