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Waves and Propagation of Waves in Physics Solved MCQs

Waves; their Properties & Characteristics 

Waves and Types of Waves

1. What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes a mechanical wave from an electromagnetic wave?

   a. Amplitude

   b. Frequency

   c. Medium dependence

   d. Wavelength


2. Which type of wave does not require a medium for propagation?

   a. Sound wave

   b. Light wave

   c. Seismic wave

   d. Radio wave


3. Which of the following statements is true about transverse waves?

a. Particles oscillate parallel to the wave direction.

b. Particles oscillate perpendicular to the wave direction.

c. They cannot propagate through a vacuum.

d. They are always longitudinal.


4. The speed of a wave is determined by:

   a. Amplitude

   b. Frequency

   c. Wavelength

   d. Medium properties


5. What is the phenomenon of a wave bending around obstacles or spreading after passing through an opening called?

   a. Reflection

   b. Refraction

   c. Diffraction

   d. Interference


6. In a standing wave, which points experience maximum displacement?

   a. Nodes

   b. Antinodes

  c. Crests

   d. Troughs


7. Which type of wave results from the superposition of two waves with slightly different frequencies?

   a. Standing wave

   b. Interference wave

   c. Doppler wave

   d. Beats


8. The Doppler effect is associated with changes in:

   a. Amplitude

   b. Frequency

   c. Wavelength

   d. Speed


9. What property of a wave is represented by the distance between successive identical points on the wave?

    a. Amplitude

    b. Wavelength

    c. Frequency

    d. Phase


10. What type of wave requires a medium for propagation?

   a) Transverse wave

   b) Longitudinal wave

   c) Electromagnetic wave

   d) Standing wave


11. Which of the following is an example of a transverse wave?

   a) Sound wave

   b) Light wave

   c) Water wave

   d) Seismic wave


12. In a longitudinal wave, the particles of the medium move:

   a) Perpendicular to the wave direction

   b) Parallel to the wave direction

   c) In circular motion

   d) In random directions


13. What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength of a wave?

   b) Directly proportional

   b) Inversely proportional

   c) No relationship

   d) Exponential relationship


14. The motion of water molecules in an ocean wave is an example of:

   a) Transverse motion

   b) Longitudinal motion

   c) Circular motion

   d) Vibrational motion


15. Which type of wave can travel through a vacuum?

   a) Sound wave

   b) Water wave

   c) Electromagnetic wave

   d) Seismic wave


16. What is the primary difference between a mechanical wave and an electromagnetic wave?

   a) Medium requirement

   b) Frequency

   c) Wavelength

   d) Amplitude


17. When two waves of the same frequency and amplitude are perfectly aligned, what is formed?

   a) Transverse wave

   b) Longitudinal wave

   c) Standing wave

   d) Electromagnetic wave


18. What term describes the distance from the equilibrium position to the crest or trough of a wave?

   a) Frequency

   b) Wavelength

   c) Amplitude

   d) Velocity


19. Which property of a wave determines its energy?

   a) Amplitude

   b) Wavelength

   c) Frequency

   d) Speed


20. When a wave reflects off a surface, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of:

   a) Reflection

   b) Absorption

   c) Transmission

   d) Refraction

  

21. The time taken for one complete oscillation of a wave is known as its:

   a) Wavelength

   b) Period

   c) Amplitude

   d) Frequency


22. When two waves meet and their amplitudes add together, it is called:

   a) Destructive interference

   b) Constructive interference

   c) Reflection

   d) Refraction

 

23. What is the defining characteristic of simple harmonic motion (SHM)?

   a) Constant velocity

   b) Constant acceleration

   c) Variable acceleration

    d) Variable velocity


24. In SHM, what is the relationship between displacement and acceleration?

    a) Directly proportional

    b) Inversely proportional

    c) No relationship

    d) Random relationship


25. What is the restoring force in a system undergoing simple harmonic motion?

    a) Force causing motion

    b) Force opposing motion

    c) Force independent of motion

    d) Force perpendicular to motion


26. What is the phase difference between displacement and acceleration in SHM?

    a) 0 degrees

    b) 45 degrees

    c) 90 degrees

    d) 180 degrees


27. What is the time period of a simple harmonic oscillator?

    a) Time taken for one complete cycle

    b) Time taken for half a cycle

    c) Time taken for two complete cycles

    d) Time taken for three complete cycles


 28. In SHM, what is the relationship between frequency and the time period?

    a) Directly proportional

    b) Inversely proportional

    c) No relationship

    d) Quadratically proportional


29. What is the amplitude of a harmonic oscillator?

a) Maximum displacement from equilibrium

b) Minimum displacement from equilibrium

 c) Average displacement from equilibrium

 d) Total displacement from equilibrium


30. In SHM, what is the equilibrium position?

   a) Position of maximum displacement

   b) Position of minimum displacement

   c) Average position

   d) Rest position


31. Which of the following is a characteristic of simple harmonic motion?

    a) Constant speed

    b) Variable acceleration

    c) Circular motion

    d) Linear motion


32. What is the relationship between the angular frequency (ω) and the frequency (f) in SHM?

     a) ω = 1/f

     b) ω = 2Ï€f

     c) ω = Ï€/f

     d) ω = f/2Ï€


33. What is the defining characteristic of simple harmonic motion (SHM)?

   a. Constant velocity

   b. Constant acceleration

   c. Circular motion

   d. Variable acceleration


34. In SHM, what is the relationship between the displacement and the restoring force?

   a. Directly proportional

   b. Inversely proportional

   c. No relationship

   d. Linear relationship


35. What is the phase difference between two SHM oscillators when one is at its maximum displacement and the other is at its equilibrium position?

   a. 0 degrees

   b. 45 degrees

   c. 90 degrees

   d. 180 degrees


36. How does doubling the amplitude of an oscillation affect the potential energy stored in the system?

   a. Doubles

   b. Quadruples

   c. Halves

   d. Remains the same


37. Which of the following factors does not affect the period of a simple pendulum?

   a. Length of the pendulum

   b. Mass of the bob

   c. Acceleration due to gravity

   d. Amplitude of oscillation


 38. What type of wave is sound?

   a) Longitudinal

   b) Transverse

   c) Electromagnetic

   d) Standing


39. What is the speed of light in a vacuum?

   a) 300,000 km/s

   b) 150,000 km/s

   c) 3,000 km/s

   d) 30,000 km/s


40. In which medium do sound waves travel fastest?

   a) Air

   b) Water

   c) Steel

   d) Vacuum


41. What type of wave is a light wave?

   a) Longitudinal

   b) Transverse

   c) Mechanical

   d) Surface


42. Which of the following is an example of a longitudinal wave?

   a) Radio wave

   b) Light wave

   c) Sound wave

   d) X-ray wave


43. What is the wavelength of a wave?

a) The time it takes for one complete cycle

b) The distance between two consecutive crests or troughs

   c) The amplitude of the wave

   d) The speed of the wave


44. Which type of wave requires a medium for propagation?

   a) Transverse

   b) Electromagnetic

   c) Longitudinal

   d) Mechanical


45. What is the frequency of a wave with a period of 0.02 seconds?

   a) 20 Hz

   b) 25 Hz

   c) 40 Hz

   d) 50 Hz


46. How does the amplitude of a wave affect its energy?

  a) Higher amplitude, lower energy

  b) Lower amplitude, higher energy

  c) Amplitude and energy are not related

  d) Higher amplitude, higher energy


47. What type of wave is a seismic wave during an earthquake?

   a) Electromagnetic

    b) Transverse

    c) Longitudinal

    d) Surface


48. What type of wave is commonly used in medical imaging, such as in ultrasound scans?

   a) Longitudinal waves

   b) Transverse waves

   c) Electromagnetic waves

   d) Sound waves


49. In which field of physics are electromagnetic waves utilized for communication?

   a) Optics

   b) Quantum mechanics

   c) Thermodynamics

   d) Electromagnetism


50. What property of waves is crucial in the study of seismology to understand earthquake waves?

   a) Frequency

   b) Amplitude

   c) Wavelength

   d) Velocity


51 Which type of waves are commonly used in radio and television broadcasting?

   a) Gamma rays

   b) Microwaves

   c) Infrared waves

   d) Radio waves


52. What phenomenon allows astronomers to analyze the composition of stars through the study of their emitted light?

   a) Reflection

   b) Refraction

   c) Diffraction

   d) Spectroscopy


53. In fiber optic communication, information is transmitted using which type of waves?

   a) Mechanical waves

   b) Electromagnetic waves

   c) Seismic waves

   d) Compression waves


54. Which property of waves is responsible for the color of an object as observed under different light sources?

   a) Reflection

   b) Refraction

   c) Dispersion

   d) Interference


55. How is the pitch of sound affected as the frequency of a sound wave increases?

   a) Pitch decreases

   b) Pitch increases

   c) Pitch remains constant

   d) Pitch becomes unpredictable

Further Suggested Physics Related Topics for Reading 

Physics and its Branches Solved MCQs 

Laws in Physics Solved MCQs

Kinematics (Rest & Motion) Solved MCQs

Geometrical Optics in Physics Solved MCQs

Sound & Sound Waves Solved MCQs

Watt, Volt, Current, Diode, Resistor Solved MCQs

Random & General Physics Solved MCQs 

Introduction to Physics Solved MCQs 

Top 10 Muslim Scientists Short Notes

Muslim Scientists Solved MCQs

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Location: Larkana, Sindh, Pakistan

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