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Muslim Scientists' Contributions Solved MCQs

Muslim Scientists and their Contributions in the Field of Science 


Muslim Scientists


1. Who is often referred to as the "Father of Optics" in the Muslim Golden Age?

   a) Ibn Sina

   b) Al-Razi

   c) Alhazen

   d) Ibn Khaldun


2. Which Muslim scientist is known for his contributions to algebra and is often called the "Father of Algebra"?

   a) Ibn al-Haytham

   b) Al-Razi

   c) Al-Farabi

   d) Al-Khwarizmi


3. Who is the Persian polymath known for his works in medicine, astronomy, and chemistry during the Golden Age of Islam?

   a) Ibn Battuta

   b) Avicenna (Ibn Sina)

   c) Alhazen

   d) Al-Farabi


 4. Which Muslim scientist made significant contributions to the understanding of anatomy and physiology, and is often called the "Father of Anatomy"?

   a) Al-Farabi

   b) Al-Razi

   c) Ibn al-Nafees

   d) Ibn Khaldun


5. Who is known for his advancements in geography and cartography during the Islamic Golden Age?

   a) Al-Biruni

   b) Ibn Khaldun

   c) Alhazen

   d) Ibn Sina


6. Which Muslim scientist is renowned for his work on mechanics and is credited with formulating the laws of motion later acknowledged by Isaac Newton?

a) Al-Farabi  

b) Al-Battani  

c) Ibn Rushd  

d) Ibn al-Haytham  


7. Who made groundbreaking contributions to fluid mechanics and is known for his studies on hydrodynamics, including the concept of fluid statics?

a) Al-Khwarizmi  

b) Ibn al-Nafees  

c) Al-Hasan Ibn al-Haytham  

d) Al-Biruni  


8. Who is credited with introducing the use of controlled experiments and systematic observation in the study of medicine and is known for his work in pharmacology?

a) Avicenna (Ibn Sina)  

b) Al-Razi  

c) Al-Farabi 

d) Al-Battani  


9. Who is known as the "Father of Chemistry" among Muslim scientists?

   a) Ibn Sina

   b) Al-Razi

   c) Jabir Ibne Hayyan

   d) Ibn Rushd


10. Which Muslim scientist pioneered the distillation process and is often referred to as "The Alchemist"?

   a) Ibn al-Haytham

   b) Jabir ibn Hayyan

   c) Al-Kindi

   d) Ibn Battuta


11. Who made significant contributions to the field of pharmacology and is known for introducing the use of alcohol in medicine?

   a) Al-Razi

   b) Ibn Sina

   c) Al-Kindi

   d) Ibn al-Haytham


12. Which Muslim chemist is credited with the discovery of sulfuric acid and its use in various chemical processes?

   a) Ibn Sina

   b) Al-Razi

   c) Ibn al-Haytham

   d) Jabir ibn Hayyan


13. Who developed the concept of density and investigated various metals and their properties?

   a) Ibn al-Haytham

   b) Al-Kindi

   c) Ibn Sina

   d) Al-Razi


14. Who is known as the "Father of Anatomy" in Muslim science?

   a) Ibn al-Haytham

   b) Ibne Sina

   c) Ibn al-Nafis

   d) Al-Razi


15. Which Muslim scientist laid the foundation for the scientific method in biology?

   a) Ibn al-Haytham

   b) Ibn Battuta

   c) Ibn Khaldun

   d) Al-Razi


16. Who discovered the circulatory system, describing the pulmonary circulation of blood?

   a) Ibn al-Nafees

   b) Al-Razi

   c) Ibn Battuta

   d) Ibn Sina


17. The Muslim scientist Al-Razi is often referred to as:

   a) The Father of Medicine

   b) The Father of Optics

   c) The Father of Chemistry

   d) The Father of Algebra


18. Ibn Zuhr, also known as Avenzoar, made significant contributions to:

   a) Botany

   b) Anatomy

   c) Zoology

   d) Physiology


19. Who is often referred to as the "father of surgery" in Islamic medicine?

   a) Ibn al-Nafis

   b) Ibn Sina (Avicenna)

   c) Al-Razi (Rhazes)

   d) Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen)


20. Which Muslim scientist is credited with the discovery of sulfuric acid and its use in medicine?

   a) Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen)

   b) Al-Razi (Rhazes)

   c) Ibn Sina (Avicenna)

   d) Ibn al-Nafis


21. Who wrote the influential medical encyclopedia "Kitab al-Hawi" (The Comprehensive Book)?

   a) Ibn Sina (Avicenna)

   b) Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen)

   c) Al-Razi (Rhazes)

   d) Ibn al-Nafis


22. Who is known for his work in ophthalmology and is credited with discovering the laws of refraction?

   a) Ibn Sina (Avicenna)

   b) Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen)

   c) Al-Razi (Rhazes)

   d) Ibn al-Nafis


23. Who is often referred to as the "Father of Algebra" among Muslim scientists?

   a) Ibn Sina

   b) Al-Razi

   c) Al-Khwarizmi

   d) Ibn Khaldun


24. Which Muslim mathematician introduced the concept of sine and cosine functions?

   a) Al-Kindi

   b) Ibn al-Haytham

   c) Al-Biruni

   d) Al-Khwarizmi


25. Who was known for his work on the classification and solution of cubic equations?

   a) Ibn al-Banna

   b) Omar Khayyam

   c) Al-Farabi

   d) Al-Idrisi


26. Which Muslim mathematician is credited with introducing the decimal point notation?

   a) Al-Battani

   b) Al-Hassar

   c) Al-Qushji

   d) Al-Farabi


27. Who wrote the influential book "The Book of Healing" that discussed mathematical topics and principles?

   a) Al-Farabi

   b) Ibn Rushd

   c) Ibn Sina

   d) Al-Kindi


29. Which Muslim scientist proposed a comprehensive geocentric model of the solar system, later influencing Copernicus?

   a. Al-Farabi

   b. Al-Razi

   c. Ibn al-Shatir

   d. Al-Battani


30. Who accurately determined the tilt of the Earth's axis and calculated the length of the solar year with great precision?

   a. Al-Battani

   b. Al-Razi

   c. Ibn al-Haytham

   d. Al-Farabi


31. Which Muslim scientist made significant advancements in trigonometry and compiled extensive astronomical tables known as the "Zij al-Sindhind"?

   a. Al-Khwarizmi

   b. Al-Razi

   c. Ibn al-Haytham

   d. Al-Farabi


32. Who was known for accurately calculating the positions of the stars and improving the precision of the astrolabe, an essential astronomical instrument?

   a. Al-Battani

   b. Al-Razi

   c. Ibn Sina

   d. Al-Farabi


33. Who is often referred to as the "Father of Geography" among Muslim scientists?

   a) Al-Razi

   b) Ibn Battuta

   c) Al-Masudi

   d) Ibn Khaldun


34. Which Muslim scientist made significant contributions to cartography and is known for creating accurate world maps?

   a) Al-Idrisi

   b) Al-Farabi

   c) Al-Hazen

   d) Ibn Sina


35. Who is credited with developing the earliest known geographical encyclopedias, including the famous "Kitab al-Harita" (Book of the Planisphere)?

   a) Ibn Jubayr

   b) Al-Mawardi

   c) Al-Biruni

   d) Al-Maqdisi


36. Which Muslim scientist excelled in the field of navigation and authored the book "Kitab al-Filaha" (Book of Agriculture), which included geographical information about various regions?

   a) Ibn Khaldun

   b) Ibn Majid

   c) Al-Hassan Ibn al-Haytham

   d) Ibn Rushd


37. The famous traveler and geographer who wrote "Kitab al-Masalik wal-Mamalik" (Book of Roads and Kingdoms) providing valuable geographical information about the countries he visited was:

   a) Ibn Hawqal

   b) Ibn Sa'id al-Maghribi

   c) Al-Maqdisi

   d) Ibn Jubayr


38. Who is considered the "father of Arabic music theory"?

   a) Al-Kindi

   b) Ibn Sina

   c) Al-Farabi

   d) Ibn Rushd


39. Which Muslim scientist made significant contributions to the field of musical instruments, particularly the lute?

   a) Ibn Khaldun

   b) Ibn al-Haytham

   c) Ziryab

   d) Al-Razi


40. Who is credited with developing the earliest musical notation system in the Muslim world?

   a) Al-Kindi

   b) Ibn Sina

   c) Al-Farabi

   d) Ibn Zayyat


41. Which Muslim scientist wrote extensively on the psychology of music and its effects on the soul?

   a) Ibn Khaldun

   b) Ibn al-Haytham

   c) Al-Farabi

   d) Al-Razi


42. Who is known as the "Father of Optics" in Muslim history?

   a. Al-Razi

   b. Ibn Sina

   c. Al-Farabi

   d. Alhazen


43. Which Muslim scientist made significant contributions to algebra, introducing the concept of variables?

   a. Ibn Battuta

   b. Al-Khwarizmi

   c. Ibn Rushd

   d. Ibn al-Haytham


44. Who was the polymath known for his work in medicine, astronomy, and geography during the Golden Age of Islam?

   a. Ibn Khaldun

   b. Al-Biruni

   c. Ibn al-Nafis

   d. Al-Zahrawi


45. Which Muslim scientist is credited with the development of the scientific method and experimental techniques?

   a. Ibn al-Haytham

   b. Ibn Battuta

   c. Al-Farabi

   d. Ibn Sina   


46. Who is often referred to as the "Father of Chemistry" for his contributions to alchemy and chemical processes?

   a. Jabir ibn Hayyan

   b. Al-Razi

   c. Ibn Khaldun

   d. Al-Kindi


47. Who is often considered the "Father of Sociology" among Muslim scientists?

   a. Ibn Khaldun

   b. Al-Razi

   c. Ibn Sina

   d. Al-Farabi


48. Which Muslim scientist is known for his work in social psychology and sociology, emphasizing the role of environment in shaping human behaviour?

   a. Al-Farabi

   b. Ibn Khaldun

   c. Ibn Sina

   d. Al-Razi


49. Who made significant contributions to the study of social institutions, governance, and cultural evolution in his work "Muqaddimah" (Introduction)?

   a. Al-Razi

   b. Ibn Sina

   c. Ibn Khaldun

   d. Al-Farabi


50. Which Muslim scientist is known for his early ideas on sociology, including the classification of sciences and the connection between knowledge and society?

   a. Ibn Khaldun

   b. Al-Farabi

   c. Al-Razi

   d. Ibn Sina


51. Who emphasized the importance of social justice and ethical considerations in governance, contributing to the field of applied sociology?

   a. Ibn Sina

   b. Al-Farabi

   c. Ibn Khaldun

   d. Al-Razi


52. Who is often referred to as the "Father of Algebra" among Muslim scientists?

   a) Al-Razi

   b) Al-Kindi

   c) Al-Farabi

   d) Al-Khwarizmi


53. Which Muslim scientist is credited with introducing the concept of "Algorithms," derived from his name?

   a) Ibn Sina

   b) Ibn al-Haytham

   c) Ibn Battuta

   d) Al-Khwarizmi


54. Which Muslim mathematician and astronomer determined the Earth's circumference with remarkable accuracy?

   a) Al-Kindi

   b) Ibn Battuta

   c) Al-Razi

   d) Al-Farghani


55. Who is often referred to as the "Euclid of the Middle Ages" for his extensive work in geometry?

   a) Ibn Sina

   b) Al-Farabi

   c) Al-Hassan Ibn al-Haytham

   d) Nasir al-Din al-Tusi


56. Who was the Muslim scientist known for his extensive contributions to astronomy and mathematics, and wrote the famous book "Al-Zij al-Sabian"?

   a) Ibn al-Haytham

   b) Al-Razi

   c) Al-Farabi

   d) Al-Battani


57. Which Muslim scholar authored the influential medical encyclopedia "Kitab al-Hawi" and made significant contributions to medicine?

   a) Ibn Sina (Avicenna)

   b) Ibn Khaldun

   c) Ibn Rushd (Averroes)

   d) Al-Razi (Rhazes)


58. The famous mathematician who introduced Indian numerals to the Islamic world and wrote the book "Kitab al-Jam'a wal-Tafreeq fi Hisab al-Hind" is:

    a) Al-Khwarizmi

    b) Ibn al-Haytham

    c) Al-Farabi

    d) Al-Razi


59. Who authored the renowned philosophical work "The Incoherence of the Philosophers" and made significant contributions to Islamic philosophy?

   a) Al-Kindi

   b) Al-Farabi

   c) Ibn Rushd (Averroes)

   d) Ibn Sina (Avicenna)


60. Who is credited with the famous book "The Book of Healing," encompassing various fields such as philosophy, astronomy, and medicine?

   a) Ibn Sina (Avicenna)  

   b) Ibn Khaldun  

   c) Al-Razi (Rhazes)  

   d) Al-Farabi  


61. Which Muslim scientist authored the groundbreaking book "Canon of Medicine," a comprehensive medical encyclopedia used in Europe and the Islamic world for centuries?

   a) Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen)  

   b) Ibn Battuta  

   c) Ibn Rushd (Averroes)  

   d) Ibn Nafis  


62. Who wrote the influential work "Kitab al-Hawi," an extensive medical encyclopedia known in Latin as the "Liber Continens"?

   a) Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen)  

   b) Al-Razi (Rhazes)  

   c) Ibn Sina (Avicenna)  

   d) Ibn Khaldun  


63. The celebrated book "Muqaddimah" or "Prolegomena" was written by which Muslim scholar, recognized as a founder of historiography and sociology?

   a) Ibn Khaldun  

   b) Ibn Battuta  

   c) Al-Farabi  

   d) Ibn Rushd (Averroes)  


64. Which Muslim scientist authored the groundbreaking astronomical work "Al-Zij al-Sabi," introducing several innovations in observational instruments?

   a) Al-Farabi  

   b) Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen)  

   c) Al-Battani (Albategnius)  

   d) Ibn Battuta  


65. In which era was the Muslim scientist Ibn al-Haytham born?

   a) 9th century

   b) 10th century

   c) 11th century

   d) 12th century


66. Where was the birthplace of Muslim scientist Ibn Sina (Avicenna)?

   a) Baghdad

   b) Cairo

   c) Bukhara

   d) Cordoba


67. During which era did the Muslim mathematician Al-Khwarizmi live?

   a) Golden Age of Islam

   b) Islamic Renaissance

   c) Dark Ages

   d) Middle Ages


68. What was the birthplace of Muslim chemist and alchemist Jabir ibn Hayyan?

   a) Damascus

   b) Cairo

   c) Kufa

   d) Andalusia


69. In which century did the Muslim scholar Al-Razi (Rhazes) contribute to medicine and chemistry?

   a) 8th century

   b) 9th century

   c) 10th century

   d) 11th century


70. Where was the astronomer and mathematician Al-Battani born?

   a) Cordoba

   b) Damascus

   c) Harran

   d) Samarkand


71. During which period did the Muslim engineer and inventor Al-Jazari flourish?

   a) Abbasid Caliphate

   b) Umayyad Caliphate

   c) Ottoman Empire

   d) Mamluk Sultanate


72. What was the birthplace of Muslim physicist and polymath Ibn al-Nafis?

   a) Andalusia

   b) Cairo

   c) Isfahan

   d) Cordoba


73. In which century did the Muslim geographer Al-Idrisi live and contribute to cartography?

   a) 10th century

   b) 11th century

   c) 12th century

   d) 13th century


74. Where was the mathematician and astronomer Al-Farabi born?

   a) Baghdad

   b) Damascus

   c) Transoxiana

   d) Fez


Further Suggested Physics Related Topics for Reading 

Laws in Physics Solved MCQs

Kinematics (Rest & Motion) Solved MCQs

Geometrical Optics in Physics Solved MCQs

Sound & Sound Waves Solved MCQs

Watt, Volt, Current, Diode, Resistor Solved MCQs

Random & General Physics Solved MCQs 

Introduction to Physics Solved MCQs 

Muslim Scientists and their Contributions 

Top 10 Muslim Scientists Short Notes

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