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Amazing Scientific Facts About Human Brain

Human Brain: An Amazing Real Machine

Human Brain

Brain is one the most important parts of human body. In fact, brain is the most complex organ found in human body. Through motor neurons it controls all the important functions and actions that our body performs 24 hours a day. This is why brain is called the Central Processing Unit (CPU) of human body. Like a computer can't perform any task without CPU, so does our body can't perform any action without brain. 

Human brain is an amazing organ that works quite differently as compared to brains of other species. Our brain has exceptional capabilities of abstract reasoning, logic and language detection. To know more about these amazing capabilities which our brain possesses, let us read the following given facts.

Structure and Anatomy of Human Brain 

1. Weight and Size: The average adult human brain weighs about 1.4 kilograms (3 pounds) and makes up about 2% of the body's weight. Brain of the Blue Whales weighs about 7 kg. Whereas, an elephant's brain weighs about 5 kg.

2. Composition: It consists of approximately 86 billion neurons and an equal number of glial cells. These billions of neurons and glial cells make human brain unique from other species including allowing for significant learning and adaptation throughout our life. 

3. Regions: The brain is divided into three main parts: the cerebrum, the cerebellum, and the brainstem. All these three parts of human brain perform different functions which are further explained below.

Cerebrum: The largest part, responsible for higher brain functions such as thought, action, and sensory processing. We know that human beings have five different senses which are mostly controlled by the Cerebrum.

Cerebellum: Located under the cerebrum, it coordinates muscle movements and maintains posture and balance. 

Brainstem: Controls basic life functions such as breathing, heartbeat, and blood pressure. This section of our brain remain active even when are sleeping or taking rest.

Functional Areas of Human Brain

As per latest scientific information, there are 4 different functional areas of our brain which are mentioned below.

1. Frontal Lobe: Involved in decision-making, problem-solving, control of purposeful behaviors, consciousness, and emotions.

2. Parietal Lobe: Processes sensory information it receives from the outside world, mainly relating to spatial sense and navigation.

3. Occipital Lobe: The visual processing center of the brain.

4. Temporal Lobe: Associated with processing auditory information and is also important for the processing of semantics in both speech and vision.

Neural Communication of Human Brain 

Neural communication means communication of neurons. Our brain's neurons communicate in two different ways which are discussed as under.

1. Synapses: Neurons communicate with each other via synapses, using neurotransmitters to transmit signals across these junctions.

2. Neurotransmitters: Key chemicals like dopamine, serotonin, and acetylcholine play crucial roles in mood regulation, memory, and learning.

Plasticity and Development of Human Brain 

1. Neuroplasticity: The brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life. This ability allows the brain to adapt to new experiences, learn new information, and recover from injuries.

2. Development: The brain develops rapidly during the early years of life, with significant growth in the first three years. It continues to develop into early adulthood.

Energy Consumption of Human Brain 

1. High Energy Demand: Although the brain is only about 2% of the body’s weight, it uses approximately 20% of the body's energy.

2. Glucose: The primary energy source for the brain is glucose.

Cognitive Functions of Human Brain 

1. Memory: The brain processes memory in different regions, with the hippocampus being crucial for the formation of new memories.

2. Learning: The brain's ability to learn involves changes in the strength of synaptic connections, a process known as synaptic plasticity.

Health and Diseases Related to Human Brain 

1. Common Disorders: Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, and epilepsy are among the many disorders that can affect brain function.

2. Mental Health: Conditions such as depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia are linked to brain chemistry and function.

Protection of Human Brain 

1. Skull and Meninges: The brain is protected by the skull and three layers of protective membranes called meninges.

2. Cerebrospinal Fluid: This fluid cushions the brain and spinal cord, providing protection from injury.

Blood-Brain Barrier of Human Brain 

1. Selective Permeability: This barrier protects the brain from harmful substances in the blood while allowing essential nutrients to pass through.

Lifespan Changes that Take Place inside Human Brain 

1. Aging: As people age, their brain's volume and weight gradually decrease, and cognitive functions can decline, although many cognitive abilities can be maintained with mental exercise. 

Similarly, our proper and balanced dietary intake may help to maintain cognitive functions of our brain. In this regard, staying away from all sorts of drugs including alcohol is a prerequisite.

Understanding these facts highlights the complexity and significance of the human brain in controlling both basic and complex functions essential for life.


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