Respiration in Plants and Animals
1. What is the primary purpose of respiration in both
plants and animals?
a)
To produce glucose
b)
To release oxygen
c)
To release energy from organic molecules
d)
To remove carbon dioxide
2.
Which of the following is the correct equation for
aerobic respiration?
a)
Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
b)
Carbon Dioxide + Water → Glucose + Oxygen + Energy
c)
Glucose + Carbon Dioxide → Water + Oxygen + Energy
d)
Oxygen + Water → Glucose + Carbon Dioxide + Energy
3.
In which cellular organelle does aerobic respiration
primarily occur in eukaryotic cells?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Chloroplasts
d)
Endoplasmic reticulum
4.
What is the net gain of ATP molecules in glycolysis, a
common pathway in both plant and animal respiration?
a)
2 ATP
b)
4 ATP
c)
36 ATP
d)
38 ATP
5.
Which type of respiration occurs in the absence of
oxygen and results in a smaller amount of ATP production?
a)
Aerobic respiration
b)
Facultative respiration
c)
Anaerobic respiration
d)
Photosynthetic respiration
6.
During aerobic respiration, which gas is taken in and
which gas is released by both plants and animals?
a)
Taken in: Carbon dioxide, Released: Oxygen
b)
Taken in: Oxygen, Released: Carbon dioxide
c)
Taken in: Nitrogen, Released: Oxygen
d)
Taken in: Oxygen, Released: Nitrogen
7.
Which of the following processes occurs in plant cells
and provides them with the energy they need to carry out various activities?
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Digestion
c)
Respiration
d)
Fermentation
8.
Which molecule is the final electron acceptor in the
electron transport chain during aerobic respiration?
a)
Oxygen
b)
Glucose
c)
Carbon dioxide
d)
Water
9.
Which type of respiration takes place in specialized
plant cells, such as during germination, and results in the conversion of
stored lipids into energy?
a)
Aerobic respiration
b)
Photosynthetic respiration
c)
Lipid respiration
d)
Glycolytic respiration
10. In animals, what is the
primary waste product produced as a result of respiration?
a)
Glucose
b)
Oxygen
c)
Carbon dioxide
d)
Water
11. During which phase of
respiration in plants is carbon dioxide released as a byproduct?
a)
Glycolysis
b)
Krebs cycle
c)
Electron transport chain
d)
Fermentation
12. Which part of the plant is
primarily responsible for the exchange of gases with the atmosphere?
a)
Roots
b)
Leaves
c)
Stem
d)
Flowers
13. Which type of respiration is
more efficient in terms of energy production?
a)
Aerobic respiration
b)
Anaerobic respiration
c)
Both are equally efficient
d)
Neither produces energy
14. Which of the following is
NOT a product of respiration in plants?
a)
Carbon dioxide
b)
Water
c)
Glucose
d)
Oxygen
15. During intense physical
activity, why do muscles often experience a buildup of lactic acid?
a)
Due to increased oxygen supply
b)
Due to decreased glucose levels
c)
Due to anaerobic respiration
d)
Due to reduced carbon dioxide levels
16. What is the purpose of
anaerobic respiration in animals?
a)
To produce more ATP than aerobic respiration
b)
To generate carbon dioxide
c)
To produce lactic acid and a small amount of ATP
d)
To release oxygen
17. In animals, what is the end
product of aerobic respiration?
a)
Carbon dioxide and water
b)
Lactic acid
c)
Ethanol
d)
ATP
18. How do most amphibians
breathe?
a)
Through their skin
b)
Through their gills
c)
Through their lungs
d)
Through their spiracles
19. Which of the following
statements about amphibian skin respiration is true?
a)
It is the primary mode of respiration for all amphibians.
b)
It occurs only in aquatic amphibians.
c)
It is more efficient than lung respiration.
d)
It involves the exchange of gases through the moist
skin.
20. What role do lungs play in
amphibian respiration?
a)
They are the main respiratory organs in all amphibians.
b)
They are used for respiration only when amphibians are
on land.
c)
They are used for respiration only when amphibians are in water.
d)
They play a minor role in respiration and are not essential.
21. Which amphibians are more
dependent on lung respiration?
a)
Aquatic amphibians
b)
Terrestrial amphibians
c)
Arboreal amphibians
d)
Burrowing amphibians
22. How do amphibians ventilate
their lungs?
a)
By using a specialized breathing pump
b)
By contracting and relaxing their throat muscles
c)
Through positive pressure breathing
d)
By raising and lowering their body temperature
23. During which stage of their
life cycle do amphibians typically undergo metamorphosis that affects their
respiratory system?
a)
Egg stage
b)
Tadpole stage
c)
Juvenile stage
d)
Adult stage
24. What happens to the gills of
amphibian tadpoles as they undergo metamorphosis?
a)
The gills are retained and become the primary respiratory organs.
b)
The gills are shed, and lungs take over as the primary
respiratory organs.
c)
The gills become larger to accommodate the growing tadpole.
d)
The gills develop into external structures for protection.
25. Which factor limits the
effectiveness of cutaneous respiration in amphibians?
a)
High surface area of the skin
b)
Presence of mucus glands in the skin
c)
Skin thickness and permeability
d)
Availability of aquatic environments
26. What is Buccal pumping in
amphibians?
a)
A mechanism for swallowing food
b)
A way to communicate with other amphibians
c)
A method of respiration involving mouth movements to
move air into the lungs
d)
A type of locomotion used by frogs
27. Which group of amphibians
relies almost entirely on cutaneous respiration?
a)
Frogs and toads
b)
Newts and salamanders
c)
Caecilians
d)
Axolotls
28. Which of the following
processes involves the exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between
the external environment and the body's cells in mammals?
a)
Digestion
b)
Circulation
c)
Respiration
d)
Excretion
29. What is the primary gas that
mammals inhale during respiration?
a)
Nitrogen
b)
Carbon Dioxide
c)
Oxygen
d)
Hydrogen
30. The main respiratory organ
in mammals responsible for the exchange of gases is:
a)
Heart
b)
Liver
c)
Kidneys
d)
Lungs
31. The process by which oxygen
is transported from the lungs to the body's tissues and carbon dioxide is
transported from the tissues to the lungs is called:
a)
Osmosis
b)
Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Bulk Transport
32. What is the purpose of the
diaphragm in the respiratory system of mammals?
a)
To pump blood to the lungs
b)
To control the vocal cords
c)
To generate heat
d)
To help in breathing by contracting and relaxing
33. The process of respiration
in mammals can be divided into two main phases: __________ and __________.
a)
Inhalation, Exhalation
b)
Oxidation, Reduction
c)
Digestion, Absorption
d)
Conduction, Convection
34. Which molecule found in red
blood cells is responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the body's
tissues?
a)
Hemoglobin
b)
Insulin
c)
Glucose
d)
Collagen
35. The waste gas produced as a
result of cellular respiration that needs to be removed from the body is:
a)
Oxygen
b)
Nitrogen
c)
Carbon Monoxide
d)
Carbon Dioxide
36. The exchange of gases
between the alveoli in the lungs and the blood takes place through:
a)
Capillaries
b)
Arteries
c)
Veins
d)
Lymphatics
37. Which of the following
factors primarily drives the process of inhalation during respiration in
mammals?
a)
Relaxation of diaphragm
b)
Contraction of diaphragm
c)
Contraction of intercostal muscles
d)
Expansion of alveoli
38. How do birds obtain oxygen
for respiration?
a)
Through their skin
b)
Through gills
c)
Through lungs
d)
Through tracheae
39. What is the unique
respiratory feature that allows for efficient oxygen exchange in birds?
a)
Diaphragm
b)
Alveoli
c)
Gills
d)
Air sacs
40. How many cycles of air
movement are required for a complete exchange of air in the avian respiratory
system?
a)
1 cycle
b)
2 cycles
c)
3 cycles
d)
4 cycles
41. During inhalation in birds,
fresh air passes through which structure first?
a)
Trachea
b)
Lungs
c)
Air sacs
d)
Alveoli
42. During exhalation in birds,
air is expelled from which part of the respiratory system first?
a)
Trachea
b)
Lungs
c)
Air sacs
d)
Alveoli
43. What is the purpose of the
air sacs in the avian respiratory system?
a)
Gas exchange
b)
Sound production
c)
Storing oxygen
d)
Digestion
44. Where does the oxygen-rich
air first enter the avian respiratory system?
a)
Posterior air sacs
b)
Anterior air sacs
c)
Lungs
d)
Trachea
45. How does the flow of air in
the avian respiratory system differ from that in mammals?
a)
One-way flow
b)
Two-way flow
c)
Circular flow
d)
Alternating flow
46. What is the role of the
syrinx in the avian respiratory system?
a)
Oxygen exchange
b)
Filter out impurities
c)
Sound production
d)
Moistening the air
47. How do birds effectively
exchange gases during both inhalation and exhalation?
a)
Through the trachea only
b)
Through the lungs only
c)
Through a cross-current exchange system
d)
Through the skin
48. Which of the following is
the primary respiratory organ in most fish?
a)
Gills
b)
Lungs
c)
Skin
d)
Tracheae
49. How do fish extract oxygen
from water using their gills?
a)
By inhaling air directly from the surface
b)
By filtering oxygen molecules from water through their skin
c)
By pumping water over their gills and extracting
oxygen from it
d)
By using specialized lung-like structures in their throat
50. What is the main purpose of
the operculum in fish?
a)
To help fish maintain buoyancy
b)
To protect the fish's internal organs
c)
To aid in digestion
d)
To cover and protect the gills
51. How does the countercurrent
exchange system in fish gills enhance oxygen uptake?
a)
It allows fish to breathe in and out simultaneously
b)
It enables fish to extract oxygen from air instead of water
c)
It maintains a concentration gradient for efficient
oxygen diffusion
d)
It prevents water from flowing over the gills, optimizing oxygen uptake
52. In which type of water do
fish usually have a higher demand for oxygen?
a)
Warm and stagnant water
b)
Cold and flowing water
c)
Saline water
d)
Polluted water
53. How do some species of fish,
like lungfish, adapt to environments with low oxygen levels?
a)
By using their skin for respiration
b)
By developing specialized lungs
c)
By reducing their metabolic rate
d)
By migrating to higher altitudes
54. Which of the following
factors can affect the rate of oxygen uptake in fish?
a)
Temperature of the water
b)
Color of the fish
c)
Size of the operculum
d)
Number of fins
55. Why do some fish gulp air at
the water's surface?
a)
To communicate with other fish
b)
To release excess carbon dioxide
c)
To regulate their body temperature
d)
To supplement oxygen uptake in poorly oxygenated water
56. What role do red blood cells
play in fish respiration?
a)
They transport oxygen from the gills to the body cells
b)
They break down carbon dioxide into oxygen and water
c)
They convert oxygen to carbon dioxide
d)
They regulate the pH of the blood
57. How do fish eliminate excess
carbon dioxide from their bodies?
a)
Through their skin
b)
Through their gills
c)
By exhaling oxygen-rich bubbles
d)
By converting it into solid waste
58. Which of the following
respiratory structures are commonly found in reptiles?
a)
Gills
b)
Tracheae
c)
Lungs with alveoli
d)
Diaphragm
59. How do reptiles primarily
breathe?
a)
Through their skin
b)
By gills
c)
By using lungs
d)
By diffusion through their scales
60. Which type of respiration is
more dominant in reptiles compared to amphibians?
a)
Cutaneous respiration
b)
Buccopharyngeal respiration
c)
Pulmonary respiration
d)
Gular respiration
61. Which of the following is a
characteristic of the respiratory system in reptiles?
a)
Lack of lungs
b)
Lungs with numerous blood vessels
c)
Four-chambered lungs similar to mammals
d)
Use of skin for gas exchange
62. What is the role of the
diaphragm in reptile respiration?
a)
It helps in contracting the lungs
b)
It separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities
c)
Reptiles do not have a diaphragm
d)
It facilitates cutaneous respiration
63. How do some aquatic
reptiles, like turtles, perform respiration?
a)
By using their skin for gas exchange
b)
By absorbing oxygen through their cloacas
c)
By using specialized gills
d)
By using lungs and Buccal pumping
64. What is Buccal pumping in
reptiles?
a)
Pumping of blood by the heart
b)
Pumping of water through the gills
c)
Pumping of air into the lungs through mouth movements
d)
Pumping of food into the stomach
65. How do some desert-dwelling
reptiles minimize water loss during respiration?
a)
By increasing their breathing rate
b)
By using gills instead of lungs
c)
By only breathing at night
d)
By excreting excess water through their skin
66. Which of the following
factors can influence the rate of respiration in reptiles?
a)
Temperature and metabolic rate
b)
Body coloration
c)
Diet preferences
d)
Number of limbs
67. What adaptation allows
certain snakes to respire effectively in aquatic environments?
a)
Developing larger lungs
b)
Modifying scales to trap air
c)
Gills on the sides of their bodies
d)
Ability to breathe through their cloacas
68. Which invertebrate group
primarily relies on a system of tubes called tracheae for respiration?
a)
Mollusks
b)
Arachnids
c)
Insects
d)
Echinoderms
69. How do terrestrial
gastropods (land snails) respire?
a)
Through gills
b)
Through lungs
c)
Through diffusion across their skin
d)
Through tracheae
70. Which invertebrate phylum
utilizes the process of cutaneous respiration, allowing gases to diffuse
directly through their skin?
a)
Annelids
b)
Cnidarians
c)
Poriferans
d)
Echinoderms
71. What specialized respiratory
structure is found in aquatic arthropods such as crustaceans?
a)
Tracheae
b)
Spiracles
c)
Book lungs
d)
Gill chambers
72. Which of the following
invertebrate groups does not have a well-defined respiratory system?
a)
Cnidarians
b)
Echinoderms
c)
Annelids
d)
Poriferans
73. What is the function of the
tube feet in echinoderms in relation to respiration?
a)
Pumping water into the body
b)
Filtering plankton for oxygen
c)
Eliminating metabolic waste
d)
Facilitating gas exchange through the skin
74. Which of the following
statements is true regarding respiration in viruses?
a)
Viruses do not undergo respiration.
b)
Viruses perform aerobic respiration.
c)
Viruses perform anaerobic respiration.
d)
Viruses perform photosynthesis.
75. How do bacteria obtain
energy through respiration?
a)
By undergoing photosynthesis
b)
By converting glucose into ethanol
c)
By performing aerobic or anaerobic respiration
d)
By relying solely on fermentation
76. Which type of respiration
yields more energy for bacteria?
a)
Anaerobic respiration
b)
Fermentation
c)
Both aerobic and anaerobic respiration yield the same amount of energy
d)
Aerobic respiration
77. Which respiratory process in
bacteria involves the use of an electron transport chain?
a)
Glycolysis
b)
Fermentation
c)
Anaerobic respiration
d)
Aerobic respiration
78. In the absence of oxygen,
some bacteria can switch to which type of respiration?
a)
Aerobic respiration
b)
Photorespiration
c)
Anaerobic respiration
d)
Fermentation
79. Which of the following is a
common end product of bacterial anaerobic respiration?
a)
Carbon dioxide and water
b)
Lactic acid or ethanol
c)
Oxygen gas
d)
Glucose
80. What role does respiration
play in the life cycle of viruses?
a)
Viruses use respiration to generate ATP.
b)
Viruses do not have a cellular structure for
respiration.
c)
Viruses use respiration to produce their own nutrients.
d)
Viruses undergo photosynthesis for energy.
81. What is the relationship
between respiration and photosynthesis in herbs and shrubs?
a)
They are unrelated processes.
b)
They occur simultaneously in different parts of the plant.
c)
Respiration is the reverse of photosynthesis.
d)
Respiration is a type of photosynthesis.
82. Which environmental factor
can affect the rate of respiration in herbs and shrubs?
a)
Soil color
b)
Leaf shape
c)
Temperature
d)
Rainfall
83. What is the main goal of
respiration in herbs and shrubs?
a)
To produce oxygen for the atmosphere
b)
To convert sunlight into energy
c)
To break down glucose and release energy
d)
To produce carbohydrates from carbon dioxide
84. What is the primary purpose
of respiration in herbs and shrubs?
a)
To produce glucose
b)
To release oxygen
c)
To store energy
d)
To produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
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