I. Introduction: The Crisis of an Extractive State of Pakistan Elite Capture (EC) is one of the fundamental cancers eating away at Pakistan’s socio-economic and socio-political sustainability. It is not merely the presence of corrupt practices, but the intentional institutionalisation of extraction , where a small, interconnected group of elites manipulates the state’s legal and financial architecture and structure for personal gains. This systemic and intentional failure drives the country's recurrent debt crises, fiscal instability, poverty, injustice and widening inequality. The conventional analysis of EC often focuses on the military, judiciary, politicians, and bureaucrats. However, a deeper, more painful truth lies in the co-option and incompetence of institutions that are theoretically designed to serve as checks and balances: the Judiciary , the Parliament , and, notably, the influence wielded by powerful Religious Clerics and Local Political Groups ....
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