Master Class Digital Learning Academy

I. Introduction: The Crisis of an Extractive State of Pakistan  Elite Capture (EC) is one of the fundamental cancers eating away at Pakistan’s socio-economic and socio-political sustainability.  It is not merely the presence of corrupt practices, but the intentional  institutionalisation of extraction , where a small, interconnected group of elites manipulates the state’s legal and financial architecture and structure for personal gains.  This systemic and intentional failure drives the country's recurrent debt crises, fiscal instability, poverty, injustice and widening inequality. The conventional analysis of EC often focuses on the military, judiciary, politicians, and bureaucrats. However, a deeper, more painful truth lies in the co-option and incompetence of institutions that are theoretically designed to serve as checks and balances: the Judiciary , the Parliament , and, notably, the influence wielded by powerful Religious Clerics and Local Political Groups ....

From Bipolar to Multipolar World  Rationale In the context of the global and political history since the Second World War, this article investigates the idea of human agency and the finiteness of human planning. It starts with a basic assumption that the Creator of this giant universe, has given human beings the freedom of choice and consciousness of the difference between right and wrong, but at the same time, the Creator has His final plans.  Readers are then taken through the post World War II period giving an account of bipolarity headed by the USA and the Soviet Union. This bipolarity led to the formation of the cold war which persisted until 1991 when the Soviet Union disintegrated and paved way for a unipolar world order dominated by the United States. The article then analyses how the USA has tried to sustain its dominance and influence through the establishment of NATO and how Muslim leaders have also tried and failed to form a counter alliance. However, it emphasi...

America & Israel Hegemony for Middle East  Introduction:  The relationship between the United States and Israel has been a significant factor in Middle East politics for decades.  America has the vested interests in oil-rich region of the Middle East. Whereas, Israel has been trying hard to occupy Palestinian land and establish the Zionist country.  On the other hand, China and Russia have now realized that in order to break American hegemony over the world's political dynamics,  they require viable support and cooperation of the Middle East countries including Iran and Pakistan.  In fact, China and Russia want OIC's pivotal role similar to that of EU's role for America. Over 2 billion Muslims and 57 Muslim countries certainly have a very important role in the world politics if they realise the importance of their joint venture. This critical analysis will delve deep into the dynamics of the America-Israel nexus, examining its hopes and hurdles, while a...

Clash of Civilisations; a Myth or Reality  Introduction  The concept of a "Clash of Civilizations" has been a topic of debate and discussion in international relations and political science for several decades.  Coined by political scientist Samuel P. Huntington in his 1993 essay "The Clash of Civilizations?", this theory suggests that the primary source of conflict in the post-Cold War world would not be ideological or economic, but rather cultural and civilizational.  Background  Huntington argued that the world could be divided into several distinct civilizations, each with its own values, beliefs, and cultural identity, and that conflicts would arise at the fault lines between these civilizations. However, the idea of a "Clash of Civilizations" as a universal and inevitable reality is highly contentious. Many critics argue that it oversimplifies complex geopolitical dynamics and ignores the role of politics, economics, and power in shaping internationa...

Leadership & 7 Styles of Leadership  What is the Leadership? Leadership is the process of leading, guiding, influencing, and motivating individuals or a group of people to achieve a common goal or objective. It involves a person, known as a leader, who takes on the responsibility of providing direction, making decisions, and setting the course for a team, organization, or community. Key aspects of leadership include: Setting a Vision: Leaders often articulate a vision or a clear picture of the desired future state. This vision serves as a guiding goal that inspires and motivates others to work toward it. Making Decisions: Leaders are responsible for making decisions, whether they are strategic choices, operational decisions, or problem-solving. Effective leaders consider various factors and input from their team members before making decisions. Influencing Others: Leadership involves the ability to influence and persuade others to support and work toward the defined goals. Thi...

Flaws in Pakistan's Political System  Introduction: Pakistan, a country with a rich history and diverse culture, has grappled with a series of political challenges since its inception in 1947. The flaws in its political system have hindered its progress and stability. This essay will explore some of the key flaws in Pakistan's political system, including corruption, weak institutions, ethnic and regional divisions, and the role of the military. 1. Corruption: One of the most significant flaws in Pakistan's political system is rampant corruption. Corruption permeates various levels of government, from local officials to high-ranking politicians. This issue not only erodes public trust in the government but also diverts vital resources away from development and social welfare programs.  The lack of effective anti-corruption measures and accountability mechanisms allows corruption to thrive, leading to an unequal distribution of wealth and opportunities. 2. Weak Institutions: ...

Artificial Intelligence in 21st Century  Introduction: The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) in recent years has brought about transformative changes across various sectors of society, from healthcare and finance to education and transportation. AI, a branch of computer science that aims to create machines capable of intelligent behavior, is reshaping the way we live and work. This essay delves into the pros and cons of the rise of artificial intelligence, exploring the potential benefits and challenges it presents to humanity. Pros of Artificial Intelligence: The pros of artificial intelligence (AI) encompass its capacity to enhance efficiency and productivity across industries, automate tedious or perilous tasks, revolutionize healthcare through diagnostic and predictive capabilities, augment customer experiences, expedite scientific research, and facilitate the development of autonomous systems like self-driving vehicles, promising transformative advancements in ...