Matter Solved MCQs

Matter in Chemistry and Physics: Its Chemical & Physical Properties

Which of the following states of matter has a definite shape and volume?

a) Solid

b) Liquid

c) Gas

d) Plasma

According to Boyle's law, if the temperature of a gas remains constant, what happens to the pressure when the volume decreases?

a) Pressure increases

b) Pressure decreases

c) Pressure remains constant

d) Pressure becomes zero

The law of conservation of mass states that:

a) Mass cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction

b) Mass can be created in a chemical reaction

c) Mass can be destroyed in a chemical reaction

d) Mass is constant in all states of matter

Which of the following is a property of plasma?

a) It has a definite shape and volume

b) It is a good conductor of electricity

c) It is the most common state of matter on Earth

d) It has molecules with very little energy

The law that describes the relationship between the pressure and temperature of a gas, at a constant volume, is known as:

a) Charles's law

b) Avogadro's law

c) Boyle's law

d) Gay-Lussac's law

Which of the following is NOT a property of liquids?

a) They have definite shape

b) They have definite volume

c) They can flow

d) They are relatively incompressible

At absolute zero temperature (0⁰Kelvin), the volume of a gas approaches:

a) Zero volume

b) Infinite volume

c) Constant volume

d) Negative volume

The phase transition from a gas to a liquid is called:

a) Sublimation

b) Deposition

c) Condensation

d) Evaporation

The fundamental building blocks of matter are called:

a) Molecules

b) Atoms

c) Ions

d) Compounds

What is the primary factor that determines the state of matter of a substance?

a) Temperature

b) Pressure

c) Mass

d) Density

In which state of matter do particles have the most energy and are the most loosely packed?

a) Solid

b) Liquid

c) Gas

d) Plasma

What is the process of a gas changing directly into a solid without passing through the liquid state called?

a) Sublimation

b) Condensation

c) Vaporization

d) Evaporation

What happens to the particles in a substance as it changes from a liquid to a gas?

a) They move closer together

b) They vibrate in place

c) They break apart into smaller particles

d) They move farther apart

At what temperature does water boil at sea level in degrees Celsius?

a) 0°C

b) 25°C

c) 100°C

d) 273°C

Which gas is commonly known as "dry ice" when in its solid state?

a) Oxygen

b) Carbon dioxide

c) Nitrogen

d) Hydrogen

What is the process of a gas changing into a liquid called?

a) Evaporation

b) Condensation

c) Sublimation

d) Vaporization

Which of the following is not a primary state of matter?

a) Solid

b) Liquid

c) Gas

d) Compound

What is the fundamental unit of matter in physics?

a) Atom

b) Molecule

c) Particle

d) Quark

Which of the following states of matter has a definite volume but no definite shape?

a) Solid

b) Liquid

c) Gas

d) Plasma

The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas at a given pressure is called the:

a) Boiling point

b) Melting point

c) Freezing point

d) Sublimation point

Which of the following particles is found in the nucleus of an atom?

a) Electrons

b) Protons

c) Protons & Neutrons

d) Positrons

What is the chemical symbol for the element oxygen?

a) O

b) Ox

c) Oz

d) Oxg

What is the smallest unit of an element that retains its chemical properties?

a) Molecule

b) Atom

c) Compound

d) Ion

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?

a) Ionic bond

b) Covalent bond

c) Metallic bond

d) Hydrogen bond

The pH scale measures the acidity or alkalinity of a substance. A pH value of 7 indicates:

a) Strong acidity

b) Neutral solution

c) Strong alkalinity

d) Highly reactive substance

Which of the following is a noble gas?

a) Oxygen

b) Hydrogen

c) Neon

d) Carbon

Which gas is responsible for the "greenhouse effect" in the Earth's atmosphere?

a. Oxygen

b. Nitrogen

c. Carbon dioxide

d. Hydrogen

What is the pH value of a neutral solution?

a. 0

b. 7

c. 14

d. -7

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms?

a. Ionic bond

b. Covalent bond

c. Metallic bond

d. Hydrogen bond

What is the chemical symbol for gold?

a. Go

b. Gd

c. Au

d. Ag

Which of the following elements is the most abundant in the Earth's crust?

a. Oxygen

b. Hydrogen

c. Carbon

d. Iron

What is the SI unit of Mass?

a. Kilogram

b. Gram

c. Pound

d. Newton

The process of changing from a gas to a liquid is called:

a. Sublimation

b. Vaporization

c. Condensation

d. Fusion

Which of the following subatomic particles is negatively charged?

a. Proton

b. Neutron

c. Electron

d. Photon

Which of the following states of matter has a definite shape and volume?

a. Solid

b. Liquid

c. Gas

d. Plasma

Which of the following statements is true about plasma?

a) It has a definite shape and volume

b) It consists of neutral atoms

c) It is the most common state of matter in the universe

d) It cannot conduct electricity

In which state of matter do particles have the highest degree of freedom to move?

a) Solid

b) Liquid

c) Gas

d) Plasma

Which of the following substances is an example of a colloid?

a) Saltwater

b) Milk

c) Pure water

d) Alcohol

What is the critical point of a substance?

a) The point at which it changes from a solid to a liquid

b) The highest temperature at which it can exist as a gas

c) The temperature and pressure at which its liquid and gas phases become indistinguishable

d) The lowest temperature at which it can exist as a solid

Which of the following is an example of a chemical change rather than a physical change?

a) Ice melting into water

b) Sugar dissolving in water

c) Wood burning to produce ash and smoke

d) Glass breaking into smaller pieces

At what temperature does water boil at standard atmospheric pressure?

a) 0°C

b) 25°C

c) 100°C

d) 273°C

What happens to the kinetic energy of particles in a substance as it changes from a solid to a liquid to a gas?

a) It decreases

b) It remains constant

c) It increases

d) It depends on the substance

Which of the following statements is true about gases?

a) They have a definite shape and volume

b) They are highly compressible

c) They have strong intermolecular forces

d) They are not affected by temperature changes

What happens to the pressure of a gas in a closed container if the temperature is increased while keeping the volume constant?

a) Pressure decreases

b) Pressure remains constant

c) Pressure increases

d) Pressure becomes zero

According to Charles's Law, what happens to the volume of a gas at constant pressure when its temperature is increased?

a) Volume decreases

b) Volume remains constant

c) Volume increases

d) Volume becomes zero

The ideal gas law, PV = nRT, relates the pressure (P), volume (V), amount of substance (n), temperature (T), and the gas constant (R). What is the value of the gas constant R when using SI units?

a) 0.08206 L.atm/mol.K

b) 8.314 J/mol.K

c) 1.987 cal/mol.K

d) 22.4 L/mol

What is the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature, as described by Boyle's Law?

a) Inverse proportion (Pressure ∝ 1/Volume)

b) Direct proportion (Pressure ∝ Volume)

c) No relationship (Pressure and Volume are independent)

d) Exponential relationship (Pressure ∝ e^Volume)

Which gas law is best represented by the equation P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2, where P1, V1, T1, P2, V2, and T2 are initial and final pressure, volume, and temperature, respectively?

a) Boyle's Law

b) Charles's Law

c) Avogadro's Law

d) Combined Gas Law

At what temperature does the Kelvin scale start (absolute zero)?

a) 0°C

b) 100°C

c) -273.15°K

d) 273.15°K

When a gas undergoes adiabatic compression, which of the following quantities remains constant?

a) Pressure

b) Volume

c) Temperature

d) Entropy

Which of the following gases is considered the most ideal under normal conditions (low pressure and moderate temperatures)?

a) Helium

b) Nitrogen

c) Oxygen

d) Hydrogen

Which gas law explains the behavior of a gas when the number of moles and temperature are kept constant?

a) Boyle's Law

b) Charles's Law

c) Avogadro's Law

d) Gay-Lussac's Law

According to Graham's “Law of Diffusion”, the rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to which of the following properties?

a) Molar mass

b) Temperature

c) Pressure

d) Volume

What is the primary factor that determines the state of matter, including whether a substance exists as a solid, liquid, or gas?

a) Temperature

b) Pressure

c) Volume

d) Density

In a solid, the particles are arranged in a highly ordered and closely packed structure. What is this arrangement called?

a) Random arrangement

b) Liquid structure

c) Crystal lattice

d) Gas formation

Which of the following properties is characteristic of a crystalline solid?

a) Irregular shape

b) Amorphous structure

c) Well-defined melting point

d) High compressibility

What happens to the volume of a solid when it is subjected to high pressure?

a) It increases

b) It decreases

c) It remains unchanged

d) It becomes a gas

Which of the following is NOT a type of solid based on its molecular structure?

a) Ionic solid

b) Metallic solid

c) Covalent network solid

d) Amorphous solid

What property of a solid allows it to return to its original shape and size after deformation when the deforming force is removed?

a) Elasticity

b) Brittleness

c) Ductility

d) Plasticity

Which of the following materials is known for its high electrical conductivity due to the mobility of electrons in its crystal lattice?

a) Diamond

b) Wood

c) Copper

d) Glass

What is the primary factor responsible for the differences in the physical properties of various types of solids?

a) Atomic number

b) Mass

c) Molecular structure

d) Color

Which type of bond is predominant in covalent network solids like diamond?

a) Ionic bond

b) Covalent bond

c) Metallic bond

d) Hydrogen bond

What is plasma?

a. A gas with a fixed shape

b. A highly ionized gas

c. A solid with a regular crystalline structure

d. A liquid with a defined volume

At what temperature does matter typically transition into a plasma state?

a. Absolute zero

b. Room temperature

c. Extremely high temperatures

d. Near the boiling point

What is the primary characteristic of the plasma matter?

a. It has a definite shape and volume

b. It consists of neutral atoms only

c. It contains free electrons and ions

d. It is always in a gaseous state

Which of the following is a common example of naturally occurring plasma on Earth?

a. Water vapor

b. Lightning

c. Solid ice

d. Wooden logs

In plasma matter, what role do electrons play?

a. They form neutral atoms by combining with protons

b. They carry electric current and generate electromagnetic radiation

c. They remain stationary at the center of the plasma

d. They are not present in plasma

What happens to the electrons in the plasma when subjected to a magnetic field?

a. They move toward the magnetic field source

b. They move perpendicular to the magnetic field lines

c. They move in the opposite direction of the magnetic field

d. They do not interact with the magnetic field

What is the most abundant element in stars, where plasmas are prevalent?

a. Hydrogen

b. Oxygen

c. Carbon

d. Iron

Which process is responsible for the energy production in the core of the Sun?

a. Nuclear fission

b. Nuclear fusion

c. Chemical reactions

d. Combustion

Which of the following is a practical application of plasma in technology and industry?

a. Cooking food

b. Producing electricity from coal

c. Manufacturing semiconductors

d. Generating wind energy

In a plasma cutter, what is the primary role of the plasma?

a. To heat the work piece

b. To cool the cutting tool

c. To generate a magnetic field

d. To produce a high-velocity jet of ions

What is the fundamental property of a liquid that allows it to flow easily?

a) Viscosity

b) Density

c) Surface tension

d) Elasticity

Which of the following is not a factor affecting the viscosity of a liquid?

a) Temperature

b) Pressure

c) Particle size

d) Molecular arrangement

What happens to the boiling point of a liquid when the external pressure decreases?

a) It decreases

b) It remains the same

c) It increases

d) It depends on the liquid

What term is used to describe the ability of a liquid to spread out and cover a surface?

a) Viscosity

b) Cohesion

c) Adhesion

d) Wetting

Which intermolecular force is primarily responsible for surface tension in a liquid?

a) Ionic bonds

b) Covalent bonds

c) Hydrogen bonds

d) Van der Waals forces

At what temperature does water reach its maximum density?

a) 0°C

b) 4°C

c) 100°C

d) 232 °F

Capillary action in a narrow tube is a result of:

a) Viscosity

b) Adhesion and surface tension

c) Cohesion and gravity

d) Vapor pressure

What is the term for the change of a substance from a gas to a liquid phase?

a) Sublimation

b) Vaporization

c) Condensation

s) Evaporation

The phenomenon of a liquid turning into a gas at the liquid's surface is called:

a) Sublimation

b) Vaporization

c) Boiling

d) Freezing

Which of the following is an example of a non-Newtonian fluid?

a) Water

b) Honey

c) Oil

d) Mercury

According to Boyle's law, at constant temperature, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its:

a) Volume

b) Temperature

c) Density

d) Mass

The ideal gas law is represented by which equation?

a) E=mc²

b) F=ma

c) PV=nRT

d) E=hf

What happens to the kinetic energy of particles in a substance when it changes from a liquid to a gas at constant temperature?

a) It increases

b) It decreases

c) It remains constant

d) It fluctuates

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of plasma?

a) It has a definite shape

b) It can conduct electricity

c) It consists of charged particles

d) It can emit light

According to Charles's law, at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its:

a) Temperature

b) Pressure

c) Mass

d) Density

Which law states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases?

a) Boyle's law

b) Charles's law

c) Dalton's law

d) Avogadro's law

In a solid, the particles are arranged in a highly ordered, repeating pattern known as a:

a) Crystal lattice

b) Random array

c) Liquid matrix

d) Gas dispersion

Which of the following statements is true about the behavior of gases at low temperatures and high pressures?

a) Gases become more compressible

b) Gases deviate from ideal behaviour

c) Gases occupy less volume

d) Gases become less dense

At what temperature do Celsius and Fahrenheit scales have the same numerical value?

a) -40°C

b) 0°C

c) 100°C

d) 273.15°C

Which state of matter exhibits definite shape and volume and shows the least allotropy?

a) Solid

b) Liquid

c) Gas

d) Plasma

Allotropy refers to the:

a) Ability of a substance to exist in different states of matter at the same temperature and pressure

b) Ability of a substance to change its chemical composition at different temperatures

c) Ability of a substance to exist in different crystalline forms or structures

d) Ability of a substance to change its color in different states

In which state of matter is allotropy most commonly observed?

a) Solid

b) Liquid

c) Gas

d) Plasma

Which of the following elements is known for its allotropy in the solid state, where it can exist in two different crystalline forms, diamond and graphite?

a) Oxygen

b) Carbon

c) Hydrogen

d) Nitrogen

Which state of matter consists of highly charged particles, such as ions and free electrons, and does not have a definite shape or volume?

a) Solid

b) Liquid

c) Gas

d) Plasma

The transition from a solid to a liquid state is generally accompanied by a decrease in:

a) Entropy

b) Temperature