Acids, Bases & Salts in Chemistry Solved MCQs

Acids, Bases and Salts

Which of the following is a characteristic property of acids?

a)     They taste sweet.

b)     They turn litmus paper blue.

c) They release hydrogen ions (H⁺) in aqueous solutions.

d)     They are slippery to touch.

 

2.     Which acid is commonly found in citrus fruits like lemons and oranges?

a)     Sulfuric acid

b)     Hydrochloric acid

c)     Citric acid

d)     Acetic acid

 

3.     When an acid reacts with a metal, which gas is usually produced?

a)     Oxygen gas (O₂)

b)     Hydrogen gas (H₂)

c)     Carbon dioxide gas (CO₂)

d)     Nitrogen gas (N₂)

 

4.     Which acid is commonly used in car batteries?

a)     Nitric acid

b)     Sulfuric acid

c)     Hydrochloric acid

d)     Phosphoric acid

 

5.     Which of the following is a strong acid?

a)     Acetic acid (CH₃COOH)

b)     Formic acid (HCOOH)

c)     Hydrochloric acid (HCl)

d)     Carbonic acid (H₂CO₃)

 

6.     What is the pH range of acidic solutions on the pH scale?

a)     0-3

b)     4-6

c)     7-9

d)     10-14

7.     Which acid is responsible for the sour taste in yogurt and sourdough bread?

a)     Lactic acid

b)     Tartaric acid

c)     Ascorbic acid

d)     Malic acid

 

8.     Which acid is used in the laboratory for preparing standard solutions and titrations?

a)     Nitric acid

b)     Acetic acid

c)     Hydrochloric acid

d)     Sulfuric acid

 

9.     When an acid is added to water, what is the general trend in the concentration of hydrogen ions (H⁺)?

a)     Increases

b)     Decreases

c)     Stays the same

d)     Fluctuates randomly

 

10.  Which acid is produced in muscles during intense exercise, leading to muscle fatigue?

a)     Sulfuric acid

b)     Lactic acid

c)     Citric acid

d)     Hydrochloric acid

 

11.  Which of the following is a characteristic property of acids?

a)     Bitter taste

b)     Slippery feel

c)     Turns blue litmus paper red

d)     pH above 7

 

12.  What is the chemical formula for hydrochloric acid?

a)     HCl₂

b)     H₂SO₄

c)     HNO₃

d)     HCl

 

13.  Which acid is commonly found in vinegar?

a)     Hydrochloric acid

b)     Nitric acid

c)     Acetic acid

d)     Sulfuric acid

 

14.  Which of the following is a strong acid?

a)     Acetic acid (CH₃COOH)

b)     Formic acid (HCOOH)

c)     Hydrochloric acid (HCl)

d)     Carbonic acid (H₂CO₃)

 

15.  What is the pH value of a neutral solution?

a)     0

b)     7

c)     14

d)     It varies depending on the solution

 

16.  Which acid is produced by the stomach to aid in digestion?

a)     Hydrochloric acid (HCl)

b)     Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄)

c)     Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)

d)     Carbonic acid (H₂CO₃)

 

17.  Which of the following substances is considered an Arrhenius acid?

a)     Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

b)     Hydrochloric acid (HCl)

c)     Ethanol (C₂H₅OH)

d)     Ammonia (NH₃)

 

18.  Which of the following is a characteristic property of bases?

a)     Sour taste

b)     Turns blue litmus paper red

c) Conducts electricity in solid state

d) Releases hydrogen ions in water

 

19.  Which of the following is a strong base commonly used in household cleaning products?

a)     Ammonia (NH₃)

b)     Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

c)     Citric acid (C₆H₈O₇)

d)     Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

 

20.  The pH scale measures the concentration of:

a)     Hydrogen ions (H+)

b)     Hydroxide ions (OH-)

c)     Water molecules (H₂O)

d) Carbon dioxide molecules (CO₂)

 

21.  Which of the following is considered a weak base?

a)     Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

b)     Ammonia (NH3)

c)     Potassium hydroxide (KOH)

d)     Calcium hydroxide (CaOH₂)

 

22.  Which of the following is the chemical formula for a base known as "caustic soda"?

a)     HCl

b)     NaOH

c)     KOH

d)     NH3

 

23.  The reaction between an acid and a base is known as:

a)     Precipitation

b)     Combustion

c)     Redox reaction

d)     Neutralization

 

24.  Which of the following is the correct balanced chemical equation for the neutralization of hydrochloric acid (HCl) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH)?

a)     HCl + NaOH → H₂O + NaCl

b)     HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O

c)  H₂SO₄ + NaOH → Na₂SO₄ + H₂O

d)     CH₃COOH + KOH → CH₃COOK + H₂O

 

25.  When a base reacts with a metal, the products formed are:

a)     Salt and water

b)     Salt and hydrogen gas

c)     Salt and oxygen gas

d)     Salt and carbon dioxide

 

26.  Which of the following is a common indicator used to determine the pH of a solution?

a)     Sodium chloride

b)     Starch

c)     Sodium hydroxide

d)     Phenolphthalein

 

27.  Which of the following is not a property of bases?

a)     Slippery to touch

b)     Bitter taste

c)     Turns red litmus paper blue

d)     Releases hydroxide ions (OH-) in water

 

28.  What is the pH range of a typical base?

a)     0-4

b)     5-8

c)     9-14

d)     7

 

29.  Which of the following is a weak base?

a)     Potassium hydroxide (KOH)

b)     Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

c)     Ammonia (NH₃)

d)     Calcium hydroxide (CaOH)₂)

 

30.  What is the product when a base reacts with an acid?

a)     Salt and water

b)     Hydrogen gas

c)     Carbon dioxide

d)     Oxygen gas

 

31.  Which of the following is an example of an alkaline substance?

a)     Lemon juice

b)     Vinegar

c)     Milk of magnesia

d)     Orange juice

 

32.  Which base is commonly found in antacid medications to neutralize excess stomach acid?

a)     Sodium chloride (NaCl)

b)     Potassium hydroxide (KOH)

c) Magnesium hydroxide (MgOH)₂)

d) Ammonium sulfate (2NH₄+SO₄)

 

33.  What is the correct formula for the hydroxide ion?

a)     OH²⁻

b)     HO⁻

c)     OH⁻

d)     H₂O

 

34.  Which of the following is a strong base?

a)     Ammonia (NH₃)

b)     Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

c)     Acetic acid (CH₃COOH)

d)     Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

 

35.  Which of the following compounds is a salt?

a)     Sugar (C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁)

b)     Sodium chloride (NaCl)

c)     Ethanol (C₂H₅OH)

d)     Methane (CH₄)

 

36.  Salts are formed through the reaction between:

a)     Two acids

b)     An acid and a base

c)     Two bases

d)     A metal and a non-metal

 

37.  Which of the following is NOT a characteristic property of salts?

a)     They are often soluble in water.

b)     They have a salty taste.

c)     They conduct electricity when in solid state.

d)     They are composed of positive and negative ions.

 

38.  The pH of a solution formed by dissolving a salt in water depends on:

a)     The colour of the salt

b)     The mass of the salt

c)     The nature of the acid used

d)     The nature of the salt and its ions

 

39.  Which of the following salts is commonly used in agriculture as a fertilizer?

a)     Sodium chloride (NaCl)

b)     Potassium sulfate (K₂SO₄)

c)     Calcium carbonate (CaCO₃)

d)     Magnesium oxide (MgO)

 

40.  The chemical formula of Epsom salt is:

a)     NaCl

b)     MgSO₄

c)     CaCO₃

d)     KNO₃

 

41.  When a salt dissolves in water, it dissociates into:

a)     Molecules

b)     Atoms

c)     Ions

d)     Compounds

 

42.  The process of neutralizing an acid and a base to produce salt and water is called:

a)     Dissociation

b)     Oxidation

c)     Reduction

d)     Neutralization

 

43.  Which of the following salts is responsible for water hardness?

a)     Sodium chloride (NaCl)

b)     Potassium nitrate (KNO₃)

c)     Calcium carbonate (CaCO₃)

d) Ammonium sulfate (2NH₄+SO₄)

 

44.  The colour of the flame produced by burning a salt is due to:

a)     The metal cation in the salt

b)  The non-metal anion in the salt

c) The heat applied during burning

d) The type of acid used in its preparation

 

45.  Which of the following is a common use of acids in daily life?

a)     Making soap

b)     Neutralizing stomach acidity

c)     Whitening teeth

d)     Polishing silverware

 

46.  Which acid is commonly used in car batteries?

a)     Hydrochloric acid

b)     Sulfuric acid

c)     Nitric acid

d)     Acetic acid

 

47.  Which base is used in household cleaning products due to its ability to dissolve grease and oils?

a)     Sodium hydroxide (lye)

b)     Ammonium hydroxide

c)     Potassium hydroxide

d)     Calcium hydroxide

 

48.  Which salt is commonly used as a food preservative and in the pickling process?

a)     Sodium chloride

b)     Calcium carbonate

c)     Potassium nitrate

d)     Sodium bicarbonate

 

49.  Which acid is found in citrus fruits and is commonly used in food and beverage industries for its sour taste and preservative properties?

a)     Hydrochloric acid

b)     Sulfuric acid

c)     Citric acid

d)     Nitric acid

 

50.  Which of the following is an important use of bases in agriculture?

a)     Flavouring agent in food

b)     Softening hard water

c)     Cleaning agent in households

d)     Soil pH adjustment

 

51.  Which salt is used for melting ice on roads and sidewalks in cold climates?

a)     Sodium chloride

b)     Calcium carbonate

c)     Ammonium nitrate

d)     Potassium sulfate

 

52.  What is the primary use of hydrochloric acid in industrial processes?

a)     Flavouring agent in food

b)     Battery electrolyte

c)     Fertilizer production

d) Cleaning and pickling of metals

 

53.  Which base is commonly used in the production of paper and textiles?

a)     Sodium hydroxide

b)     Ammonium hydroxide

c)     Potassium hydroxide

d)     Calcium hydroxide

 

54.  Which acid is used in photography and tanning industries?

a)     Hydrochloric acid

b)     Sulfuric acid

c)     Nitric acid

d)     Acetic acid

 

55.  Calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), a common salt, is used in the production of:

a)     Fertilizers

b)     Toothpaste and antacids

c)     Explosives

d)     Detergents

 

56.  Epsom salt, magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄), is often used for:

a)     Fertilizing plants

b)     Baking soda production

c)     Treating muscle soreness and relaxing baths

d)     Leather tanning

 

57.  Common table salt, sodium chloride (NaCl), is used primarily for:

a) Food preservation and flavouring

b)     Water purification

c)     Manufacturing glass

d)     Battery production

 

58.  Which base is used in agriculture as a soil amendment to raise the pH of acidic soils?

a)     Potassium hydroxide

b)     Ammonium hydroxide

c)     Calcium hydroxide

d)     Sodium hydroxide

 

59.  Which base is found in antacid medications to neutralize excess stomach acid?

a)     Sodium hydroxide

b)     Calcium hydroxide

c)     Ammonium hydroxide

d)     Magnesium hydroxide

 

60.  Which base is commonly used in household cleaning products due to its ability to dissolve grease and oils?a)  Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda)

b)  b) Calcium hydroxide (slaked lime)

c) c) Ammonium hydroxide (ammonia water)

d)   d) Potassium hydroxide

Further Chemistry Related Solved MCQs as Suggestrd Reading 

1. Fundamentals of Chemistry Solved MCQs 

2. Fundamentals of Chemistry Short Notes 

3. Matter in Chemistry Solved MCQs 

4. Chemical Bonding Solved MCQs