Transformative Pedagogies for the 21st Century: Integrating Classical Methods, Educational Theory, and STEAM Innovation Across Developmental Stages
Teaching Practice Course I, II & III (Final Year) for B. Ed Honours Level Course Introduction The education landscape of the 21st century has moved from traditional, teacher-centered instruction to student-centered, skills-focused, and technology-driven learning. This shift results from globalization, digital innovation, and the changing needs of the job market. These factors underscore the importance of skills such as critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, communication, and digital fluency. While modern teaching methods embrace progressive and constructivist ideas, traditional methods like drilling and demonstration still have value. They can effectively support broader, student-focused frameworks. Effective teaching today is not just about traditional methods or entirely new ones. It requires a careful blend of research-based methods, suitable practices for various developmental stages, and insights from influential thinkers like Piaget, Vygotsky, D...